This Metasploit module exploits a remote code execution vulnerability in Traccar versions 5.1 through 5.12. Remote code execution can be obtained by combining path traversal and an unrestricted file upload vulnerabilities. By default, the application allows self-registration, enabling any user to register an account and exploit the issues. Moreover, the application runs by default with root privileges, potentially resulting in a complete system compromise. This Metasploit module, which should work on any Red Hat-based Linux system, exploits these issues by adding a new cronjob file that executes the specified payload.
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Apache Superset versions less than or equal to 2.0.0 utilize Flask with a known default secret key which is used to sign HTTP cookies. These cookies can therefore be forged. If a user is able to login to the site, they can decode the cookie, set their user_id to that of an administrator, and re-sign the cookie. This valid cookie can then be used to login as the targeted user and retrieve database credentials saved in Apache Superset.
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A vulnerability exists within Mirth Connect due to its mishandling of deserialized data. This vulnerability can be leveraged by an attacker using a crafted HTTP request to execute OS commands within the context of the target application. The original vulnerability was identified by IHTeam and assigned CVE-2023-37679. Later, researchers from Horizon3.ai determined the patch to be incomplete and published a gadget chain which bypassed the deny list that the original had implemented. This second vulnerability was assigned CVE-2023-43208 and was patched in Mirth Connect version 4.4.1. This Metasploit module has been tested on versions 4.1.1, 4.3.0 and 4.4.0.
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Apache Superset versions 2.0.0 and below utilize Flask with a known default secret key which is used to sign HTTP cookies. These cookies can therefore be forged. If a user is able to login to the site, they can decode the cookie, set their user_id to that of an administrator, and re-sign the cookie. This valid cookie can then be used to login as the targeted user. From there the Superset database is mounted, and credentials are pulled. A dashboard is then created. Lastly a pickled python payload can be set for that dashboard within Superset's database which will trigger the remote code execution. An attempt to clean up ALL of the dashboard key values and reset them to their previous values happens during the cleanup phase.
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This Metasploit module exploits CVE-2022-28219, which is a pair of vulnerabilities in ManageEngine ADAudit Plus versions before build 7060. They include a path traversal in the /cewolf endpoint along with a blind XML external entity injection vulnerability to upload and execute a file.
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